SUBSTANCE NEEDED NUTRITION OF PREGNANT WOMEN

a. Energy  
Additional energy during pregnancy in women who needed to change components of fetal and maternal self-contained in that is equal to 300 kcal. Energy requirements for pregnant women is estimated to increase fetal weight, placental tissue and increase metabolism other mothers during pregnancy (Paath, 2004) 

b. Protein  
Total protein 60 g / day is recommended. This amount is easily filled with the average diet in the United States. It is necessary for normal growth of the fetus, uterus and breast enlargement, formation of blood cells and proteins in accordance with the increase in blood volume, and production of amniotic fluid (Nadesul, 1997) 

c. Iron  
According to the MOH (1997) requirement of iron in pregnant women, women need more iron than men because of menstruation with bleeding as much as 50 to 80 cc every month, and iron loss of 30 to 40 mg. Pregnancy need iron supplements to increase the number of red blood cells and red blood cells form the fetus and placenta. The more often a woman experiencing pregnancy and childbirth will lose more and more iron and more anemis. To illustrate how much iron needs during pregnancy note the following: Improve maternal blood cells: 500 mg Fe Contained in the placenta: 300 mg Fe For fetal blood: 100 mg Fe Total: 900 mg Fe If the supply of Fe reserves are minimal, then every pregnancy will deplete the body's supply of Fe and eventually cause anemia in subsequent pregnancies. Nutrition related to Fe or add blood during pregnancy is 90 tablets. Nutrients required in blood formation or Fe is iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 and protein. To meet the body's iron is recommended to eat a diverse diet (Darmanelly, 2005). The mass of red blood cells swell about 15% during pregnancy, and this requires a substantial increase in iron from the mother. Iron is also required to deposit depositions fetus (Manuaba, 2001). 

d. Zinc  
Zinc absorption is inhibited by the inclusion of iron and folic acid in large quantities. Women who take iron supplements and folic acid should eat foods rich in zinc per day (Moore1999). 

e. Calcium  
Requirement of calcium per day increased in the classification fetalis; RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) for pregnant women is 1200 mg. 

f. Folic Acid  
Enter the recommended folic acid increased from 180 g in non-pregnant women to 400 grams in pregnancy. This is necessary both for the production of red blood cells and the synthesis of maternal DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in the fetus (Manuaba, 2001).